Aeronautical Chart

Aeronautical Charts are specialized maps used by pilots for flight planning and in-flight navigation. They depict terrain, airspace boundaries, navigation aids, airports, obstacles, and flight routes.

Major types include VFR Sectional Charts, IFR En Route Charts, Terminal Area Charts, and Approach Plates. These are published by national authorities (FAA, Eurocontrol, etc.) and updated on AIRAC cycles.

• VFR charts emphasize terrain and visual landmarks
• IFR charts emphasize airways, fixes, and MEAs
• Approach plates provide precision guidance for instrument approaches
• Digital versions (EFB) are increasingly standard in cockpits